نشریه مطالعات کاربردی تندرستی در فیزیولوژی ورزش
سال یکم شماره 1 (زمستان 1393)

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 12 weeks Pilates and aerobic training on anthropometric characteristics and balance in inactive elderly women. For this purpose, 50 inactive elderly women from Voluntary elderly population of Nahavand city were selected and divided into two experimental groups randomly as following. Then both groups practiced according their instructions in training program (12wk, 3d/wk and 60 min/d). After ensure the normal distribution of data by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Analysis of variance 2 × 2 (2times measured and 2 groups) method was employed. The results were showed that both groups experienced significant changes in indices measured from pre to post tests, but there were no significant differences in that parameters between aerobic and Pilates training groups. The findings of this study proved that both aerobic and Pilates training can be recommended to improve anthropometric characteristics and balance of older women.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of neurofeedback and Pilates exercises on improve balance among chronic stroke patients. This study is done by one-test method on the 6 patients with a mean age of 60 ± 2 which are randomly divided into three groups (Pilates, neurofeedback and control). Before the training, the participants were assessed using the Berg Balance Scale. The first group received Pilates exercises for 16 session of 45 minutes duration every other day. Neurofeedback group training is conducted also 16 session of 45 minutes duration every other day on the O1 and O2 protocol. During the treatment phase, participants at the fourth and eighth sessions evaluated by the same tests and post-test performed after completion of treatment. Results showed that the improved balance in both of Pilates and neurofeedback groups was significant against control group. Also, there was no difference in the recovery rate of patients in two experimental groups. So we can conclude that using Pilates and neurofeedback therapy as part of strategies for improving problems of stroke patients especially sensory-motor problems is recommended.

The research purpose is comparison of balance performance between gymnastic, handball and karate male athletes and non-athletes and the effect of vision and vestibular systems, contemporaneous and seprate. 45 male athletes (20-26 Years old) living in Utmia were chosen by participated in this research. 15 non-athletes have been participated in this research. All participated were healthy in every aspects and did not was any medications. Athletes had experience for (7.5±3) years. To measure balance performance, satrab balance meter was used. In this research Balance performance defines as the time of keeping balance sheet horizontal which has been done in six anatomical position: Normally(eyes open- blind fold) head up(eyes open- blind fold) head down (eyes open- blind fold). Test results were recorded in thirty seconds and compared. To analyze the data Anova unilatral and Tukey post hoc test was used. Finding show that interference of balance oprattion system among handballists and non-athletes is less than gymnasts. Due to the weakness of balance performance amomng handballists and non-athletes and the risk of injury in the ankle, knee, waist. It's suggested to respector coaches to include more training programs to improve the balance performance in athletes.

Every injury which happens during physical activity includes economic costs for treatment. This may cause loss of quality of life and job opportunities for the athlete in future. The aim of this research was to study the direct cost of injury in soccer in three years via the data of Sport Medicine Federation injury surveillance system. A retrospective analysis was conducted of the data of cost of injury for soccer athletes from the sport medicine federation injury surveillance system of Iran during three years of Persian calendar at 21st of March 2009 until 19th of March 2012. In order to report the injury costs, descriptive statistic was used. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used (p

The beneficial effects of sports and physical activities on Individuals physical and mental health have been clearly identified inthe results of scientific researches. The statement of both world’s health organization and federation of international medical sports claims that about half of the world’s population lack appropriate physical activities. Its why governments Where asked to encourage and support physical activities and fitness programs in the society as a part of their health care politics. This study aimed at finding out the relationship between the amount of physical activities and the athletic and medical expenses of households in Urmia. 325 subjects were randomly selected among 2028 households from five different Regions of the city including north, south, west, east and center. In order to collect data, the following questionnaires were used: the athletic expenses of urban households of Statistics Organization of Iran and the medical expenses of Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the rate of physical activity. The present study is a co relational one in which the questionnaire were filled out by the households of Urmia. The results of the Pearson correlation (α=0.05) indicated that there is a positive relationship between the rate of physical activities and sport costs. Furthermore, the findings showed a negative relationship between the rate of physical activities and medical expenses. There wasn’t any significant relationship between the athletic and medical expenses. The results recommended more emphasis on physical activities to reduce medical expenses and increase individuals’ health.

The purpose of this study is the components of organizational intelligence as a powerful tool for gathering the mental faculties in line with organizational goals. The research is descriptive and is performed in a field method. The statistical population includes managers and staffs at sport and youth offices (Este Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan and Ardabil) and 204 members of this population are selected as sample for this research. The data were collected by standard organizational intelligence questionnaire. Also one sample test (t) and ANOVA were used. The result showed that staffs OI of North-western provinces of Iran's with the experimental average (3.09) is above the theoretical average (3). The highest average is to shared fate and the lowest average to appetite for change. Also, there is not a significant difference between experimental average and theoretical average in strategic vision and knowledge deployment of sport and youth staffs but there is a significant difference between experimental average and theoretical average in shared fate, appetite for change, sprit, alignment and congruence and performance pressure of sport and youth staffs. There is not a significant difference in the components of OI between staffs in three provinces of East Azerbaijan, west Azerbaijan and Ardebil. Finally, to further enhance in organizational intelligence and its dimensions will be an opportunity or the strength of the policy making in the northwestern provinces of youth and sport office staffs.

The aim of this study is to compare class management styles among physical education teachers in elementary, guidance and secondary schools in East - Azerbaijan province. Main method of this research is descriptive survey which comprises 800 physical education teachers from schools in the East - Azerbaijan province. The multistage cluster is used to select 240 samples according to kerjsay and morgan table for questionnaire completion. The aforementioned questionnaire is designed according to volfgang - gilkeman theoretical framework and is patterned on belief of teacher’s questionnaire for class control (ABCC). Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, tables) and inferential statistics (KS test, chi - square test) were utilized for data analyzing. The results showed that most of primary school teachers tend to intervention-oriented, interaction and nonintervention-oriented styles. On the other hand, there is no significant difference among management styles of male/female physical education teachers. Moreover, Associate's degreeteacher’s use intervention-oriented and interaction styles and Master's Degree teachers tend to interaction and nonintervention-oriented styles.